The US is the largest crude oil producer in the world, pumping out nearly 13 million barrels on average every day in 2023, an all-time record, according to new data from the US Energy Information Administration.

That’s an awkward milestone for President Joe Biden, who has arguably done more than any modern president to facilitate America’s transition away from fossil fuels to greener alternatives.

For the last six years, America has outstripped Russia, Saudi Arabia, and other OPEC countries in crude oil production. And it has picked up the pace under Biden, who had approved more permits for oil and gas drilling on public lands by last October than former President Donald Trump had by the same point in his presidency.

Biden has expedited the construction of an oil pipeline in West Virginia and approved the Willow oil project in Alaska, over the opposition of environmental activists and despite his 2020 campaign promise to stop drilling on federal lands altogether.

Increased oil production has helped keep gas prices low after they spiked in 2022, even as OPEC countries have slashed supply in an attempt to drive prices higher and despite disruptions to the global supply chain wrought by Russia’s war in Ukraine. American production, bolstered by advancements in drilling that improve efficiency, is also helping to meet what is projected to be record global demand in 2024.

But Biden’s challenge now, in an election year, is reconciling the country’s expanding oil sector with his claim in the State of the Union address last week that he’s “taking the most significant action ever on climate in the history of the world.”

What America’s oil production means for Biden’s climate politics

Biden does deserve credit for what he’s done to expand the nation’s energy options, said Alexandra Adams, senior adviser to the Natural Resources Defense Council Action Fund. In 2022, he signed the Inflation Reduction Act, which incentivized companies to produce more renewable energy technologies by creating funded tax credits and rebates for those technologies, penalized fossil fuel companies for excess methane emissions, and more.

“He’s confronting the climate crisis with powerful incentives to drive clean energy investment, cut costs, create jobs, and strengthen the supply chain for the building blocks of a modern economy,” she said. “Consumers deserve to be able to choose clean, renewable power instead of the fossil fuels that are driving the climate crisis. That’s what Biden’s energy strategy is all about.”

Since Biden signed the IRA, there has been close to $118 billion invested in factories to build solar panels, wind turbines, electric vehicles, advanced batteries and more.